The access control system is an advanced high-tech solution, serving as a preventive and management tool. In economically developed countries and regions, it has been extensively used in scientific research, industry, museums, hotels, shopping malls, medical care, banks, prisons, and more. The system's concealed and real-time monitoring characteristics make it widely applicable in various fields.

The IC card access management control system (referred to as access control system) incorporates portal access control, real-time monitoring, and security burglar alarm functions. Its primary purpose is to facilitate internal staff access, restrict unauthorized entry, enhance internal security, and provide an efficient and cost-effective working environment. It integrates communication automation (CA), office automation (OA), and business automation (BA) based on an integrated cabling system. The computer network serves as a bridge to achieve comprehensive management of communication systems and office automation.

There are three main access control methods: one-way induction (reader + controller + exit button + power locks), two-way induction (reader + controller + card reader + electric locks), and card + password.

A complete access control set generally consists of the following components:

1. Reader: Utilizes RF induction principle to identify the proximity card's built-in encryption card number.
2. Proximity cards: Store unique and encrypted ID numbers that cannot be copied.
3. Access Controller: Stores proximity card privileges and credit card records, handles all card reader signal uploads, manages computer communications and data memory coordination, and acts as the intelligent processing center.
4. Electric lock: An electric actuator used to secure the door.
5. 485/232 signal converter: Facilitates data memory, networking, and long-distance communication.
6. Management software: Centrally manages and monitors all access points through a computer, providing functions such as clock synchronization, authorization, and statistical management.
7. Door button: Allows for manual exit through the press of a button.
8. Power: Provides power supply for the implementation structures and power locks.

We focus on the controller, particularly the WG2001 04 model, WG2002 04 model, and WG2004 04 model of access controllers. Below is a comparison of these models:

WG2001 04 - Single door controller WG2002 04 - Dual door controller WG2004 04 - Four door controller

Parameter index:

• PCB board size: WG2001 - 160mm long * 106mm wide, WG2002 - 160mm long * 106mm wide, WG2004 - 218mm long * 106mm wide.
• Control box size and supporting power supply: 360mm * 283mm * 78mm, 12VDC 4-7A.
• Circuit board power: 5VDC less than 100mA.
• Reader input format: Wiegand 26 (compatible with various readers under the agreement, such as Motorola, HID, Wiegand EM, Mifare one, etc.).
• Number of access readers: WG2001 - one pair, WG2002 - two pairs, WG2004 - four pairs.
• Number of gate control outputs: WG2001 - one group, WG2002 - two groups, WG2004 - four groups.
• Output relay load current: 7A.
• Open the door delay time: Adjustable from 1 to 600 seconds.
• Largest networking number: N * 256 units (N refers to the computer serial number, up to 256 serial ports).
• Operating environment: -35 to 65 °C, 10-90% RH non-condensing.
• Signal output communication format and baud rate: RS232 RS485 adaptive self-test bus structures, 38400 baud rate.
• Data retention time: High-speed flash memory design ensures data is never lost.
• Reader to the controller's largest online distance: 100 meters (recommended within 80 meters).
• Controller to the PC's largest online distance: RS232 mode - 20 meters (recommended 3 meters), RS485 mode - 1200 meters (can be extended up to 3000 meters with additional equipment). The maximum number of bus controllers can reach up to 256 units.

Various functions of the access controllers include long-term door not closing alarm for illegal entry, force door status for normal open or closed, remote door control, interlock function, anti-submarine back on defense trailing function, multi-card verification for door access, and fixed-time door opening function.

Additionally, external PIN pad functions are available for enhanced security and access control.